Additionally, since HTML tags use up several of the alphanumeric symbols (such as the < and the > symbols used to start/end tags), HTML methods (numerical codes) have been established to allow web pages to contain any character or symbol.

Standard Colors

More Colors

Common Characters

More Characters

Standard Colors

aqua		black		blue		fuchsia
gray		green		lime		maroon
navy		olive		purple		red
silver		teal		white		yellow

There are several approaches used in the industry to define colors. A common approach, and the one that is used in web pages, is RGB notation. All colors can be represented by a combination of just three basic colors - red, green and blue. For mostly historical reasons, each color has been divided into 256 intensities (numbered 0 to 255). Thus there are 256x256x256 = 16.8M different colors that RGB can represent.

To limit the number of characters, hexadecimal notation is used instead of decimal notations. So the color values for each of the red, green, or blue colors is goes from &00 to &FF (FF is hexadecimal notation for 255). The & symbol is sometimes used to clarify that hexadecimal notation is being used.

An RGB value of a color is created by placing the red, green, and blue values side by side, in that order. Black, which consists of the minimum amount of all three colors is written as &000000 - where each of the red, green and blue elements of the color have values 00, 00, and 00 respectively.

White, on the other hand, contains the maximum amount of each color and is written as #FFFFFF - where each of the red, green and blue elements of the color have values of FF, FF, and FF respectively. HTML uses the £ to denote rgb notation.

When writing colors, it is also common to write a color as rgb(255,255,255), where the rgb signifies the use of the RGB color notation system, but the color values are written in decimal notation.

The hexadecimal and rgb values for some sample colors are provided in this next table:

Color	Hex Value
#000000	rgb(0,0,0)
#FF0000	rgb(255,0,0)
#00FF00	rgb(0,255,0)
#0000FF	rgb(0,0,255)
#FFFF00	rgb(255,255,0)
#00FFFF	rgb(0,255,255)
#FF00FF	rgb(255,0,255)
#C0C0C0	rgb(192,192,192)
#FFFFFF	rgb(255,255,255)

Sample Colors

Sample Colors & Hex Codes
Code	Color	Code	Color	Code	Color	Code	Color	Code	Color	Code	Color
000000		000033		000066		000099		0000cc		0000FF
003300		003333		003366		003399		0033cc		0033ff
006600		006633		006666		006699		0066cc		0066ff
009900		009933		009966		009999		0099cc		0099ff
00cc00		00cc33		00cc66		00cc99		00cccc		00ccff
00FF00		00ff33		00FF66		00ff99		00FFCC		00FFFF
330000		330033		330066		330099		3300cc		3300ff
333300		333333		333366		333399		3333cc		3333ff
336600		336633		336666		336699		3366cc		3366ff
339900		339933		339966		339999		3399cc		3399ff
33cc00		33cc33		33cc66		33cc99		33cccc		33ccff
33ff00		33FF33		33FF66		33ff99		33FFCC		33FFFF
660000		660033		660066		660099		6600cc		6600ff
663300		663333		663366		663399		6633cc		6633ff
666600		666633		666666		666699		6666cc		6666ff
669900		669933		669966		669999		6699cc		6699ff
66cc00		66cc33		66cc66		66cc99		66cccc		66ccff
66FF00		66FF33		66ff66		66ff99		66ffcc		66FFFF
990000		990033		990066		990099		9900cc		9900ff
993300		993333		993366		993399		9933cc		9933ff
996600		996633		996666		996699		9966cc		9966ff
999900		999933		999966		999999		9999cc		9999ff
99cc00		99cc33		99cc66		99cc99		99cccc		99ccff
99ff00		99ff33		99ff66		99ff99		99ffcc		99ffff
cc0000		cc0033		cc0066		cc0099		cc00cc		cc00ff
cc3300		cc3333		cc3366		cc3399		cc33cc		cc33ff
cc6600		cc6633		cc6666		cc6699		cc66cc		cc66ff
cc9900		cc9933		cc9966		cc9999		cc99cc		cc99ff
cccc00		cccc33		cccc66		cccc99		cccccc		ccccff
ccff00		ccff33		CCFF66		ccff99		ccffcc		ccffff
FF0000		FF0033		ff0066		ff0099		ff00cc		FF00FF
ff3300		ff3333		ff3366		ff3399		ff33cc		ff33ff
ff6600		ff6633		ff6666		ff6699		ff66cc		ff66ff
ff9900		ff9933		ff9966		ff9999		ff99cc		ff99ff
ffcc00		ffcc33		ffcc66		ffcc99		ffcccc		ffccff
FFFF00		FFFF33		FFFF66		ffff99		ffffcc		FFFFFF

Common Characters

The first is to enter an ampersand(&), followed by a pound sign (#), the number of the character entity, and finishing with a semi-colon (;). For example, you could put a copyright symbol on the page like this: &#169; produces the copyright symbol, ©.

The second is to put an ampersand, the name of the character (but no # sign), followed by a semi-colon. For example, the code &copy also produces the copyright symbol, ©.

The following characters are the ones most commonly used on web pages. Both the character number and symbol are provided.

Number	Name	Symbol	Comments
34	quot	"	quotation mark = APL quote
38	amp	&	ampersand
60	lt	<	less-than sign
62	gt	>	greater-than sign
160	nbsp		no-break space = non-breaking space
169	copy	©	copyright sign
174	reg	®	registered sign = registered trade mark sign
8226	bull	•	bullet = black small circle

More Symbols

Number	Name	Symbol	Comments
34	quot	"	quotation mark = APL quote
38	amp	&	ampersand
60	lt	<	less-than sign
62	gt	>	greater-than sign
160	nbsp		no-break space = non-breaking space
161	iexcl	¡	inverted exclamation mark
162	cent	¢	cent sign
163	pound	£	pound sign
164	curren	¤	currency sign
165	yen	¥	yen sign = yuan sign
166	brvbar	¦	broken bar = broken vertical bar
167	sect	§	section sign
168	uml	¨	diaeresis = spacing diaeresis
169	copy	©	copyright sign
170	ordf	ª	feminine ordinal indicator
171	laquo	«	left-pointing double angle quotation mark = left pointing guillemet
172	not	¬	not sign
173	shy	­	soft hyphen = discretionary hyphen
174	reg	®	registered sign = registered trade mark sign
175	macr	¯	macron = spacing macron = overline = APL overbar
176	deg	°	degree sign
177	plusmn	±	plus-minus sign = plus-or-minus sign
178	sup2	²	superscript two = superscript digit two = squared
179	sup3	³	superscript three = superscript digit three = cubed
180	acute	´	acute accent = spacing acute
181	micro	µ	micro sign
182	para	¶	pilcrow sign = paragraph sign
183	middot	·	middle dot = Georgian comma = Greek middle dot
184	cedil	¸	cedilla = spacing cedilla
185	sup1	¹	superscript one = superscript digit one
186	ordm	º	masculine ordinal indicator
187	raquo	»	right-pointing double angle quotation mark = right pointing guillemet
188	frac14	¼	vulgar fraction one quarter = fraction one quarter
189	frac12	½	vulgar fraction one half = fraction one half
190	frac34	¾	vulgar fraction three quarters = fraction three quarters
191	iquest	¿	inverted question mark = turned question mark
710	circ	ˆ	modifier letter circumflex accent
732	tilde	˜	small tilde
913	Alpha	Α	greek capital letter alpha
914	Beta	Β	greek capital letter beta
915	Gamma	Γ	greek capital letter gamma
916	Delta	Δ	greek capital letter delta
917	Epsilon	Ε	greek capital letter epsilon
918	Zeta	Ζ	greek capital letter zeta
919	Eta	Η	greek capital letter eta
920	Theta	Θ	greek capital letter theta
921	Iota	Ι	greek capital letter iota
922	Kappa	Κ	greek capital letter kappa
923	Lambda	Λ	greek capital letter lambda
924	Mu	Μ	greek capital letter mu
925	Nu	Ν	greek capital letter nu
926	Xi	Ξ	greek capital letter xi
927	Omicron	Ο	greek capital letter omicron
928	Pi	Π	greek capital letter pi
929	Rho	Ρ	greek capital letter rho there is no Sigmaf, and no U+03A2 character either
931	Sigma	Σ	greek capital letter sigma
932	Tau	Τ	greek capital letter tau
933	Upsilon	Υ	greek capital letter upsilon
934	Phi	Φ	greek capital letter phi
935	Chi	Χ	greek capital letter chi
936	Psi	Ψ	greek capital letter psi
937	Omega	Ω	greek capital letter omega
945	alpha	α	greek small letter alpha
946	beta	β	greek small letter beta
947	gamma	γ	greek small letter gamma
948	delta	δ	greek small letter delta
949	epsilon	ε	greek small letter epsilon
950	zeta	ζ	greek small letter zeta
951	eta	η	greek small letter eta
952	theta	θ	greek small letter theta
953	iota	ι	greek small letter iota
954	kappa	κ	greek small letter kappa
955	lambda	λ	greek small letter lambda
956	mu	μ	greek small letter mu
957	nu	ν	greek small letter nu
958	xi	ξ	greek small letter xi
959	omicron	ο	greek small letter omicron
960	pi	π	greek small letter pi
961	rho	ρ	greek small letter rho
962	sigmaf	ς	greek small letter final sigma
963	sigma	σ	greek small letter sigma
964	tau	τ	greek small letter tau
965	upsilon	υ	greek small letter upsilon
966	phi	φ	greek small letter phi
967	chi	χ	greek small letter chi
968	psi	ψ	greek small letter psi
969	omega	ω	greek small letter omega
977	thetasym	ϑ	greek small letter theta symbol
978	upsih	ϒ	greek upsilon with hook symbol
982	piv	ϖ	greek pi symbol
8224	dagger	†	dagger
8225	Dagger	‡	double dagger
8226	bull	•	bullet = black small circle
8364	euro	€	euro sign
8482	trade	™	trade mark sign
8592	larr	←	leftwards arrow
8593	uarr	↑	upwards arrow
8594	rarr	→	rightwards arrow
8595	darr	↓	downwards arrow
8596	harr	↔	left right arrow
8706	part	∂	partial differential
8719	prod	∏	n-ary product = product sign
8721	sum	∑	n-ary sumation
8722	minus	−	minus sign
8730	radic	√	square root = radical sign
8734	infin	∞	infinity
8747	int	∫	integral
8776	asymp	≈	almost equal to = asymptotic to
8800	ne	≠	not equal to
8801	equiv	≡	identical to
8804	le	≤	less-than or equal to
8805	ge	≥	greater-than or equal to
9674	loz	◊	lozenge
9824	spades	♠	black spade suit black here seems to mean filled as opposed to hollow
9827	clubs	♣	black club suit = shamrock
9829	hearts	♥	black heart suit = valentine
9830	diams	♦	black diamond suit